参考文献/References:
[1] Sparks T H,Carey P D.The responses of species to climate over two centuries:an analysis of the Marsham phenological record,1736-1947[J].Journal of Ecology,1995,83(2):321-329. [2] 陆佩玲,于强,贺庆棠.植物物候对气候变化的响应[J].生态学报,2006,26(3):923-929. [3] Pe?uelas J,Filella I.Responses to a warming world[J].Science, 2001,294(5543):793-793. [4] Van Vliet A J H,Schwartz M D.Phenology and climate:The timing of life cycle events as indicators of climatic variability and change[J].International Journal of Climatology, 2002,22(14):1713-1714. [5] Pe?uelas J,Rutishauser T,Filella I.Phenology Feedbacks on Climate Change[J].Science,2009,324:887-888. [6] Fang X Q,Yu W H.A review of phenology responses to global climate warming[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002, 17(5):714-717. [7] Sherry R A,Zhou X H,Gu S L,et al. Divergence of reproductive phenology under climate warming[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2007,104(1):198-202. [8] Steltzer H,Post E.Seasons and Life Cycles[J].Science,2009, 324:886-887. [9] Yu H Y,Luedeling E,Xu J C.Winter and spring warming result in delayed spring phenology on the Tibetan Plateau [J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(51):22151-22156. [10] McEwan R W,Brecha R J,Geiger D R,et al.Flowering phenology change and climate warming in southwestern Ohio[J].Plant Ecology,2011,212(1):55-61. [11] Ahas R.Long-term phyto-,ornitho-and ichthyophenological time-series analyses in Estonia[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,1999,42(3):119-123. [12] Delbart N,Le Toan T,Kergoat L,et al.Remote sensing of spring phenology in boreal regions: A free of snow-effect method using NOAA-AVHRR and SPOT-VGT data (1982- 2004)[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2006,101(1):52- 62. [13] Fitter A H,Fitter R S R.Rapid changes in flowering time in British plants [J].Science,2002,296(5573):1689-1691. [14] 徐雨晴,陆佩玲,于强.近 50 年北京树木物候对气候变化的响应[J].地理研究,2005,24(3):412-420. [15] 郑景云,葛全胜,赵会霞.近40 年中国植物物候对气候变化的响应研究[J].中国农业气象,2003,24(1):28-32. [16] Sparks T H,Jeffree E P,Jeffree CE.An examination of the relationship between flowering times and temperature at the national scale using long-term phenological records from the UK[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2000,44 (2):82-87. [17] Gordo O,Sanz J J.Phenology and climate change:a long-term study in a Mediterranean locality[J].Oecologia,2005,146(3): 484-495. [18] Schwartz M D,Reiter B E.Changes in North American spring[J].International Journal of Climatology,2000,20(8): 929-932. [19] Jarrad F C,Wahren C H,Williams R J,et al.Impacts of experimental warming and fire on phenology of subalpine open-heath species[J].Australian journal of botany,2008, - 25 - 56(8):617-629. [20] K?rner C,Basler D,.Phenology Under Global Warming[J]. Science,2010,327(5972):1461-1462. [21] Gazal R,White M A,Gillies R,et al.GLOBE students, teachers,and scientists demonstrate variable differences between urban and rural leaf phenology[J].Global Change Biology,2008,14(7): 1568-1580. [22] Luedeling E,Zhang M H,Luedeling V,et al.Sensitivity of winter chill models for fruit and nut trees to climatic changes expected in California’s Central Valley[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,2009,133(1):23-31. [23] 李红梅,马玉寿,王彦龙.气候变暖对青海高原地区植物物候期的影响[J].应用气象学,2010,21(4):500-505. [24] Myneni R B,Keeling C D,Tucker C J,et al.Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991[J]. Nature,1997,386(662):698-702. [25] Chmielewski F M,Rotzer T.Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2001,108(2):101-112. [26] Morin X,Lechowicz M J,Augspurger C,et al.Leaf phenology in 22 North American tree species during the 21st century [J].Global Change Biology,2009,15(4):961-975. [27] Heumann B W,Seaquist J W,Eklundh L,et al.AVHRR derived phenological change in the Sahel and Soudan, Africa,1982-2005[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007, 108(4):385-392. [28] Verhoef H.A.The role of soil microcosms in the study of ecosystem processes[J].Ecology,1996,77(3):685-690. [29] Cleland E E,Chiariello N R,Loarie S R,et al.Diverse responses of phenology to global changes in a grassland ecosystem[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2006,103(37): 13740-13744. [30] Birkelund K,Jensen K D,Hojlund-Nielsen E,et al.MEMS climate sensor for crops in greenhouses[J].Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,2010,20(8):85021- 85027. [31] Ran F,Zhang X L,Zhang Y B,et al.Altitudinal variation in growth,photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency of Abies faxoniana Rehd.et Wils.seedlings as revealed by reciprocal transplantations[J].Trees,2013,27(5):1405-1416. [32] Zhang G L,Zhang Y J,Dong J W,et al.Green-up dates in the Tibetan Plateau have continuously advanced from 1982 to 2011[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013,110(11):4309-4314. [33] Shen M G,Sun Z Z,Wang S P,et al.No evidence of continuously advanced green-up dates in the Tibetan Plateau over the last decade[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013, 110(26):E2329. [34] Wang T,Peng S S,Lin X,et al.Declining snow cover may affect spring phenological trend on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(31):E2854-E2855.