参考文献/References:
[1] Tremblay D, Patel V, Fifer K M, et al. Management of bone health in postmenopausal women on aromatase inhibitors (AIs): a single health care system experience[J]. Support Care Cancer, 2017, 32(1): 3834-3841.
[2] Kanis J A. Assessment of fracture risk and its applications to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis:synopsis of a WHO report[J]. Osteoporosis International, 2015, 4(6): 368-381.
[3] Fortes E M, Raffaelli M P, Bracco O L, et al. High morbidmortability and reduced level of osteoporosis diagnosis among elderly people whohad hip fractures in S2o Paulo City[J]. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, 2015, 52 (7): 1106-1114.
[4] Yates A A, Schlicker S A, Suitor C W. Dietary reference intakes: the new basis for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline[J]. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2016, 98(6): 699-706.
[5] Ohta H. Bone metabolism and cardiovascular function update.Estrogen and its therapeutic potential for bone and vascular health[J]. Cell Calcium, 2014, 24(7): 107-115.
[6] Johnell O, Scheele W H, Lu Y, et al. Additive effects of raloxifene and alendronate on bone densityand biochemical markers of bone remodeling in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis[J]. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2015, 87(3): 985-992.
[7] Lirani-Galvão A P R, Lazaretti-Castro M. Physical approach for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis[J]. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabs Journal, 2016, 54(2): 171-178.
[8] 王纶. 明医杂著[M]. 北京: 中国中医药出版社，2009.
[9] Hiyama S, Yokoi M, Akagi Y, et al. Osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow cells during estrogen-induced medullary bone formation in Japanese quails[J]. Journal of Molecular Histology, 2019, 50(4): 389-404.
[10] Biglia N, Cagnacci A, Gambacciani M, et al . Vasomotor symptoms in menopause: a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk and other chronicdiseases[J]. Climacteric, 2017, 20(4): 306-312.
[11] DAmelio P, Grimaldi A, Di Bella S, et al. Estrogen deficiency increases osteoclastogenesis up-regulating T cells activity: a key mechanism in osteoporosis[J]. Bone, 2008, 43(1): 92-100.
[12] Jia J, Zhou H, Zeng X, et al. Estrogen stimulates osteoprotegerin expression via the suppression of miR-145 expression in MG-63 cells[J]. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017, 15(4): 1539-1546 .
[13] Li J, Chen X, Lu L, et al. The relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue and bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis[J]. Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, 2020, 52: 88-98.
[14] 吴瑞锋，马胜利，于乐. 六味地黄丸对肾阴虚型骨质疏松老年患者骨钙素及骨密度的影响[J]. 世界中医药，2016，11(10): 2043-2046.
[15] Liu M M, Dong R, Hua Z, et al. Therapeutic potential of Liuwei Dihuang pill against KDM7A and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy-related osteoporosis[J]. Bioscience Reports, 2020, 40(9): 20201778 .
[16] Ge J R, Xie L H, Chen J, et al. Liuwei Dihuang pill treats postmenopausal osteoporosis with Shen (Kidney) Yin deficiency via janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signal pathway by up-regulating cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 expression[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2018, 24(6): 415-422.
[17] Li M, Wang W, Wang P, et al. The pharmacological effects of morroniside and loganin isolated from Liuweidihuang Wan, on MC3T3-E1 cells[J]. Molecules, 2010, 15(10): 7403-7414.
[18] Li W, Wang X, Liu B, et al. Preventing steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head with Liuwei dihuang pills and molecular mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of prosthetic and reconstructive surgery, 2010, 24(4): 446-451.
[19] 于雪冰，马建强，汪栋，等. 六味地黄丸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症肾阴虚证对骨钙素、骨密度及JAK/STAT信号通路的影响[J]. 中药材，2020(3): 734-737.
[20] 刘幸明，赵永杰，蔡俊笙，等. 补肾中药对老化间充质干细胞内外微环境改变及其分化方向调控的影响[J]. 中成药，2019，41(9): 2233-2236.
[21] Jing Y, Cai D, Chen Q, et al. Liuwei Dihuang soft capsules attenuates endothelial cell apoptosis to prevent atherosclerosis through GPR30-mediated regulation in ovariectomized ApoE-deficient mice[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017, 208: 185-198.
[22] Zeng J, Zhang X, Wang J, et al. Comparison of donepezil, memantine, melatonin, and Liuwei Dihuang decoction on behavioral and immune endocrine responses of aged senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 mice[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, 11: 350.
[23] Chen Q, Zhang Y, Meng Q, et al. Liuwei Dihuang prevents postmenopausal atherosclerosis and endothelial cell apoptosis via inhibiting DNMT1-medicated ERα methylation[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020, 252: 112531.
[24] Zhang Y, Qian X, Sun X, et al. Liuwei Dihuang, a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, inhibits proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via modulation of estrogen receptors[J]. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2018, 42(1): 31-40.
[25] 肖经难，谢丹，祁开泽. 六味地黄丸对兔骨关节炎软骨细胞凋亡的影响[J]. 湖南中医学院学报，2003(5): 11-13.
[26] Gambacciani M, Levancini M. Management of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the prevention of fractures[J]. Panminerva Medica, 2014, 56(2): 115-131.
[27] Miyamoto T. Mechanism underlying post-menopausal osteoporosis: HIF1α is required for osteoclast activation by estrogen deficiency[J]. The Keio Journal of Medicine, 2015, 64(3): 44-47.
[28] Gavali S, Gupta M K, Daswani B, et al. LYN, a key mediator in estrogen-dependent suppression of osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2019, 1865(3): 547-557.
[29] 马渊，周文霞，程军平，等. 六味地黄汤对快速老化模型小鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的调节作用及机理研究[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志，2004(4): 325-330.
[30] 李小艳，刘涛. 六味地黄丸对去卵巢雌性大鼠吗啡耐受性的影响[J]. 同济大学学报(医学版)，2008(2): 24-27.
[31] Visweswaran M, Pohl S, Arfuso F, et al. Multi-lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells[J]. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 2015, 68: 139-147.
[32] 范超领. 六味地黄丸对绝经后骨质疏松症肾阴虚证JAK/STAT信号通路基因的影响[D]. 福州: 福建中医药大学，2015.
[33] Xia B, Xu B, Sun Y, et al. The effects of Liuwei Dihuang on canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in osteoporosis[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2014, 153(1): 133-141.
[34] 曹留拴. 六味地黄丸加味治疗绝经后骨质疏松症疗效观察[J]. 河南中医学院学报，2004(4): 42.
[35] Mbalaviele G, Novack D V, Schett G, et al. Inflammatory osteolysis: a conspiracy against bone[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2017, 127(6): 2030-2039.
[36] Liao Z H, Huang T, Xiao J W, et al. Estrogen signaling effects on muscle-specific immune responses through controlling the recruitment and function of macrophages and T cells[J]. Skeletal Muscle. 2019, 9(1): 20.
[37] 梁文清. 复方六味地黄丸治疗骨性关节炎的实验研究[D]. 济南: 山东中医药大学，2005.
[38] 张锦，殷松楼，殷寒秋，等. 六味地黄丸治疗绝经后骨质疏松的疗效观察[J]. 临床内科杂志，2003(10): 558.
[39] Liu C, Ma R, Wang L, et al. Rehmanniae radix in osteoporosis: a review of traditional Chinese medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics and pharmacology[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017, 198: 351-362.
[40] Oh K O, Kim S W, Kim J Y, et al. Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch extracts on bone metabolism[J]. Clinica Chimica Acta, 2003, 334(1-2): 185-195.
[41] Tao X, Qi Y, Xu L, et al. Dioscin reduces ovariectomy-induced bone loss by enhancing osteoblastogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis[J]. Pharmacological Research, 2016, 108: 90-101.
[42] Mansoori M N, Shukla P, Kakaji M, et al. IL-18BP is decreased in osteoporotic women: Prevents Inflammasome mediated IL-18 activation and reduces Th17 differentiation[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6: 33680.
[43] Kimble R B, Matayoshi A B, Vannice J L, et al. Simultaneous block of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor is required to completely prevent bone loss in the early postovariectomy period[J]. Endocrinology, 1995, 136(7): 3054-3061.
[44] 杜静静. 六味地黄丸对糖尿病肾病大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6表达水平的影响及肾脏保护机制的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江中医药大学，2014.